OCD(Obsessive - Compulsive Disorder)

DEFINITION :- Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is a chronic mental health condition that involves obsessions (uncontrollable and recurring thoughts), compulsions (repetitive behaviors) or both.

ICD -11 Classification:- 6B20.0 to 6B25

Etiology

1. GENETIC FACTOR

• Monozygotic twins

• Dizygotic twins

• First-degree relatives

2. Biochemical

• The neurotransmitter serotonin (5-HT) may be abnormal level

3. Psychoanalytic theory.

• Developmentally earlier stages of the infantile superego whose harsh exacting punitive behaviour

4. Behavior Theory

• Stimulus to anxiety

Obsessive Symptoms

1. Fear of causing harm to yourself

2. Fear of germ or diet

3. Need for order, neatness

4. Fear of making a mistake

Compulsive Symptoms

1. Arranging things in a very specially

2. washing hands over and over

3. Repeatedly checking things

4. Number rituals such as counting repeatedly

Treatment

Pharmacotherapy

• Antidepressants (e.g., fluvoxamine, streamline)

• Anxiolytics (e.g., benzodiazepines)

Behavior Therapy

• Exposure and response prevention (ERP):

• Thought stoppage

• Relaxation technique

Other Therapies

• Supportive psychotherapy

• ECT-for patients' refractory to other forms of treatment

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