ENEMA PROCEDURE
- Apr 24
- 2 min read
1. Definition
Enema is the introduction of fluid into the rectum through the anus to stimulate bowel movement or for therapeutic purposes.
2. Purpose
To relieve constipation
To clean the bowel before surgery or investigations
To administer medications
To remove fecal impaction
3. Indications
Constipation
Pre-operative bowel preparation
Diagnostic procedures (e.g., colonoscopy)
Fecal impaction
4. Contraindications
⚠️ Avoid or use caution in:
Intestinal obstruction
Severe abdominal pain
Rectal bleeding
Post rectal surgery
5. Articles / Equipment
🧰 Equipment:
Enema can / enema bag
IV stand
🧴 Supplies:
Enema solution (warm water / soap solution)
Rectal tube
Lubricant
Gloves
Bedpan
Mackintosh and towel
📋 Records:
Patient record
6. Patient Preparation
Explain procedure to patient
Provide privacy
Position patient in left lateral (Sims’) position
Place mackintosh under patient
7. Procedure Steps (Step-by-Step Sentences)
Wash hands and wear gloves.
Prepare enema solution and fill enema can.
Hang enema can on IV stand about 45–60 cm above patient.
Expel air from tubing before insertion.
Lubricate the tip of rectal tube.
Position the patient in left lateral position.
Gently insert rectal tube into rectum (7–10 cm in adults).
Open clamp and allow solution to flow slowly.
Regulate flow by adjusting height or clamp.
Instruct patient to retain solution as long as possible.
After administration, remove rectal tube gently.
Provide bedpan if needed.
Assist patient to evacuate bowel.
Clean and make patient comfortable.
Dispose of waste properly.
Remove gloves and wash hands.
Record procedure and results.
8. Post Procedure Care
Observe bowel movement
Monitor patient comfort
Maintain hygiene
Document findings
9. Complications
Rectal irritation
Infection
Fluid imbalance
Injury to rectum
10. Health Education
Maintain regular bowel habits
Eat high-fiber diet
Drink adequate fluids
Avoid frequent use of enemas
🎯 Viva Questions
Q1. What is the position for enema?👉 Left lateral (Sims’) position
Q2. What is the height of enema can?👉 45–60 cm
Q3. What is the purpose of enema?👉 To relieve constipation
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